Two years later, an MD–11 ( Swissair Flight 111) airplane crashed into the Atlantic Ocean, killing all 229 people aboard. All 230 people aboard the airplane were killed.
Ignition of flammable vapors in the fuel tank was the probable cause of that fatal accident, and the most likely source was a wiring failure that allowed a spark to enter the fuel tank. “Safety concerns about wiring systems in airplanes were brought to the forefront of public attention by a midair explosion in 1996 involving a 747 airplane. The following is an excerpt from the FAA’s regulations released Novemgoverning aspects of EWIS on aircraft as to the reason for the increased concerns regarding EWIS: Many of the results from the ATSRAC committee shaped the FAA's regulatory reaction to the handling and certification of EWIS. The committee included a number of key organizations and businesses including ATA, NASA, Northwest Airlines, Boeing, Airbus, FAA, and Electromechanical Design Company. In response to these accidents, the Aging Transport Systems Rulemaking Advisory Committee (ATSRAC) was chartered to gather industry leaders examine the current state of aging aircraft systems one of the main areas examined included EWIS. Prior to the aviation accidents of TWA Flight 800 and SwissAir 111, the wiring on aircraft was a minor concern. The change from EIS to EWIS was done to emphasize the focus on the actual wires and wiring of the systems throughout aircraft. The term originated in the aviation industry but was originally designated as Electrical Interconnection Systems (EIS). An electrical wiring interconnect system ( EWIS) is the wiring system and components (such as bundle clamps, wire splices, etc.) for a complex system.
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